# Episode 37 - TILT **Source:** For Amusement Only EM and Bingo Pinball Podcast **Type:** podcast_episode **Published:** 2015-04-17 **Duration:** 9m 14s **Beat:** Pinball **URL:** https://foramusementonly.libsyn.com/episode-37-tilt --- ## Analysis Nick Baldridge delivers a detailed technical history of pinball tilt mechanisms, tracing their evolution from Harry Williams's 1934 invention through plumb bob, slam tilt, and roll cage designs. He emphasizes the critical role of tilt in bingo machines, where losing triggers game loss and financial consequences, and explores Bally's sophisticated multi-point tilt architecture designed to prevent cheating and machine abuse. ### Key Claims - [HIGH] Harry Williams invented the tilt mechanism in 1934 and first used it on a game called Advance — _Nick Baldridge, host, stated as historical fact early in episode_ - [HIGH] The earliest pinball games did not have tilt mechanisms — _Nick Baldridge, stated as foundational history_ - [HIGH] The slam tilt mechanism was developed after the original plumb bob design — _Nick Baldridge, describing chronological evolution of tilt designs_ - [MEDIUM] Roll mechanism tilt cages appeared in the early 1960s — _Nick Baldridge states he has 'no reference to before the early 60s' but thought it was invented in the 1950s — uncertainty acknowledged_ - [HIGH] Bally bingo machines use reversed-orientation plumb bobs that allow greater pendulum swing — _Nick Baldridge, technical explanation of Bally design innovation_ - [HIGH] Bally bingo machines have slam tilt switches in three locations: bottom cabinet, coin door, and back box — _Nick Baldridge, detailed technical breakdown of Bally anti-cheat design_ - [HIGH] In Bally bingo machines, holding the coin mechanism switch too long causes an automatic tilt to protect the machine from relay overfire — _Nick Baldridge, explaining coin mechanism protection feature_ - [MEDIUM] Williams experimented with mercury tilt switches in the 1960s, similar to old thermostat designs — _Nick Baldridge, historical design note with general confidence_ ### Notable Quotes > "If you tilt, you lose your entire game, and that game can be comprised of many, many, many nickels, building it up in anticipation of a possible payoff." > — **Nick Baldridge**, mid-episode > _Explains why tilt design is critical in bingo gameplay and financial stakes_ > "If you were to slam the machine in such a way that the set screw were to give, it would drop the plumb bob into the ring, permanently tilting the machine, until an operator came by and loosened it up." > — **Nick Baldridge**, mid-episode > _Illustrates clever Bally design feature that prevents abuse by creating permanent tilt state requiring operator intervention_ > "The slam tilt in the coin door prevents you from smacking the coin door super hard in an attempt to get your money back for whatever reason. The machine just shuts down. Quite the revenge it has." > — **Nick Baldridge**, mid-episode > _Humorous but insightful explanation of anti-cheat design philosophy — the machine punishes attempted exploitation_ > "Sometimes tilting is exactly what you want to do... it can be cathartic. If you've built up all this drama around a particular game, especially in a bingo, sometimes it can be fun to tilt out and lose." > — **Nick Baldridge**, closing segment > _Philosophical reflection on tilt as emotional release, contrasting practical gameplay advice with human psychology_ ### Entities | Name | Type | Context | |------|------|---------| | Nick Baldridge | person | Host and primary speaker; EM and bingo pinball enthusiast and podcast creator | | Harry Williams | person | Pinball pioneer who invented the tilt mechanism in 1934 and founded Williams Manufacturing Company | | Williams Manufacturing Company | company | Major historical pinball manufacturer founded by Harry Williams; known for producing many famous machines | | Bally | company | Historical pinball/bingo manufacturer; known for sophisticated tilt mechanisms and anti-cheat innovations | | Advance | game | Early pinball game that first featured the tilt mechanism, invented by Harry Williams in 1934 | | For Amusement Only EM and Bingo Pinball Podcast | organization | Podcast series hosted by Nick Baldridge; focuses on electromechanical and bingo pinball machines | ### Topics - **Primary:** Tilt mechanism history and evolution, Harry Williams and early pinball innovation, Bally bingo machine design and anti-cheat architecture - **Secondary:** EM pinball gameplay mechanics, Bingo machine economics and player stakes, Emotional and psychological aspects of tilting - **Mentioned:** Mercury tilt switches and experimental designs, Arcade game tilt mechanisms beyond pinball ### Sentiment **Neutral** (0) — Educational and technical in tone; speaker is informative and enthusiastic about the subject matter but maintains objective stance. No strong opinions about modern games or manufacturers. Mild humor in descriptions of anti-cheat mechanisms but not judgmental. ### Signals - **[design_innovation]** Historical progression of tilt designs from simple plumb bob (1934) through slam tilt and roll cage mechanisms, demonstrating iterative engineering solutions across EM era (confidence: high) — Detailed technical comparison of three primary tilt designs with specific historical dating and functional descriptions - **[historical_signal]** Foundational history of tilt mechanism invention by Harry Williams in 1934 and its first implementation on Advance game (confidence: high) — Clear attribution of tilt invention to Harry Williams with specific date and game title - **[design_philosophy]** Bally's multi-layered anti-cheat strategy using reversed plumb bob orientation, multiple slam tilt switches at strategic cabinet locations, and coin mechanism protection to prevent machine abuse and cheating (confidence: high) — Detailed explanation of three tilt switch locations and reversed plumb bob design rationale in Bally bingo machines - **[gameplay_signal]** Bingo machines create high financial consequence for tilts due to loss of entire accumulated game state; speaker notes typical $1+ at-risk per game session (confidence: high) — Speaker example of risking 20+ nickels ($1) in a single bingo game, emphasizing stakes relative to pinball games - **[design_innovation]** Coin door slam tilt protection and coin mechanism switch hold-time tilt represent defensive design against user abuse and relay overload (confidence: high) — Explanation of coin door slam tilt and coin mechanism switch protection logic - **[historical_signal]** Williams experimentation with mercury tilt switches in 1960s, drawing parallel to thermostat technology adoption in EM era (confidence: medium) — Brief mention of mercury switches as experimental approach, drawing functional parallel to heating systems - **[community_signal]** Speaker acknowledges cathartic dimension of tilting in high-stakes bingo play, suggesting psychological complexity beyond pure mechanical rules (confidence: medium) — Closing reflection on intentional tilting as emotional release mechanism in bingo machines --- ## Transcript what's that sound it's for amusement only the em and bingo pinball podcast welcome back to for amusement only this is nick baldridge tonight's topic is tilt if you've played pinball for any length of time you know that if you shake the machine enough either the game will end or you'll lose the ball in play. Have you ever thought about how that tilt mechanism works, or when it was invented? Believe it or not, the earliest pinball games did not have tilt mechanisms. Harry Williams invented the tilt mechanism in 1934, and it was first used on a game called Advance. that Harry Williams is the same Harry Williams that founded Williams Manufacturing Company. Of course, they went on to produce many famous pinball machines over the years. The tilt mechanism is fairly simple and uses the same basic design that Harry Williams conceived in the early 30s. There's a metal ring that's wired in to a tilt relay, usually a trip, and then a plumb bob that hangs down on a wire. And as the machine is nudged and pushes the plumb bob into the ring, it will make electrical contact and trip the relay. It can do this because the wire itself is also tied into the machine's power. Later on, the slam tilt was developed. This is a switch with a weighted end that, when moved via moving the machine quickly, it would close and trip the tilt. The next mechanism I don't see any reference to before the early 60s, however, I thought this was invented in the 50s and that the roll mechanism And this simply is a metal cage that a pinball sits in and if you lift up the front of the machine, the ball will roll until it hits a switch at the end of the cage, which will trip the tilt relay. So why do I care about tilts so much? Well, the answer is because they're vitally important to gameplay in almost any pinball machine, but also in bingos they're especially important. If you tilt, you lose your entire game, and that game can be comprised of many, many, many nickels, building it up in anticipation of a possible payoff. So if you tilt out and lose your entire bet, that can be kind of devastating. For example, I might put in over 20 nickels in order to get the machine to a state where I want to play. That's a dollar. So losing an entire dollar on one game is pretty rough. So that leads me to the really interesting thing about Ballybingos and the way that they tilted. Bally actually invented many unique and interesting mechanisms that tied into the tilt. In a bingo, you have the normal plumb bob tilt. This plumb bob is set in a reverse orientation, so the wide bottom of the plumb bob actually sits up towards the top of the wire instead of towards the bottom. This allows for two things. First of all, it allows for more swing of the pendulum that the plumb bob sits on. Secondly, if you were to slam the machine in such a way that the set screw were to give, it would drop the plumb bob into the ring, permanently tilting the machine, until an operator came by and loosened it up. This is preferable to slamming the machine down and then having free rein to move the machine because the tilt bob is on the bottom of the cabinet The other thing that Bally had were multiple slam tilt switches There's one in the bottom of the cabinet, one in the coin door, which is crucial, and one in the back box. So, smacking the machine at certain points, if you happen to know what it's doing, would cause things to jump in an odd way and perhaps give you more favorable results. The slam tilt switch in the back box prevents you from doing this. The slam tilt in the coin door prevents you from smacking the coin door super hard in an attempt to get your money back for whatever reason. The machine just shuts down. Quite the revenge it has. This tradition was carried on from then on. There are no roll tilt cages in a Bally Bingo. However, the way everything ties into the tilt is a little more in-depth in a bingo than it is in other pin games. So, if you were to tilt, there are two things that happen. First of all, it trips the tilt trip, which lights the tilt light on the back glass. secondly it makes the anti-cheat relay let go this anti-cheat relay is crucial to the operation of the bingo without it the numbers on the cards won't light up when the start relay is energized by putting a coin in it will lock in the anti-cheat relay until the machine trips Interestingly, and a measure which is often defeated in a bally bingo, if the coin mechanism switch is held down for too long, more than an instant, the machine will tilt. And this is to protect the machine. Otherwise it would constantly be firing the start relay. Tilts in EM games can do various things. In a bingo I mentioned it ends your game On my add machines it end the ball in play In some cases, it'll end the ball in play and remove another ball. Usually, this is an adjustment that can be made inside the cabinet. In the 1960s, Williams experimented with mercury tilt switches. A mercury tilt switch would work in a very similar way to a ball roll tilt. Old thermostats worked this way as well. When the mercury hit the other side of the glass enclosure it was in, it would actually make electrical contact and start the furnace. As the temperature increased, the mercury would roll away, cutting off the furnace. Beyond pinball, many EM arcade games also have tilts. Many are just the simple plumb bob tilt, and they just prevent you from shaking the cabinet to death after you lose, or... before you lose, which would be, I guess, the better time to tilt. As I've mentioned in a previous podcast, kind of cryptically, sometimes tilting is exactly what you want to do. What I meant by that is it can be cathartic. If you've built up all this drama around a particular game, especially in a bingo, sometimes it can be fun to tilt out and lose. I know that's pretty much the opposite of what I said in the beginning, and always the opposite of what you want to do. However, sometimes it lets off just the right amount of steam. Well, thank you for listening. My name again is Nick Baldridge. You can reach me at 4amusementonlypodcast at gmail.com. You can find us online at 4amusementonly.libsyn.com. you can listen to us on iTunes, Stitcher, Pocket Casts via RSS, right on our website and on Facebook. Thanks for listening and I'll talk to you next time _(Acquisition: groq_whisper)_ --- *Exported from Journalist Tool on 2026-04-13 | Item ID: d841cf62-b9d3-4026-9167-af7dd1c8195f*